Tiny RNA Fragments Extend Lifespan in Worms
Graded Preliminary — experiments in worms and in cells grown in a dish; lifespan was measured only in worms, and there are no human data.
Animal study. Findings may not carry over to people, which is why the grade is capped at Preliminary.
- Design
- Animal study
- Participants
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- Duration
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- Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea, funded by the Korean government…
In worms, a fragment of transfer RNA made by the enzyme DIS-3 clearly extended lifespan.
Inside every cell, small molecules called transfer RNA deliver the building blocks for new proteins. When they are cut, fragments appear, and their role in aging has been poorly understood. In tiny worms, a new set of experiments found that one of these fragments clearly extended life when the animals made more of it.
The researchers turned down 71 RNA-cutting enzymes one by one. This led them to an enzyme called DIS-3, which produces the fragments. Worms with turned-down or altered DIS-3 lived clearly shorter lives. In worms with altered DIS-3, eating less no longer extended life either. The fragment latches onto parts of the cell's protein factories and slows the making of new proteins. It also switches on a control protein the worms need for their longer life.
The enzyme mattered in human cells grown in a dish, too. When it was turned down, the cells showed more signs of aged cells that no longer divide. There, however, a different fragment was at work. Lifespan was measured only in worms, and there are no data from people. The team also used lab-made fragments, which may not fully mimic the natural ones.
Disclaimer: Research summaries are provided for informational purposes only and do not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your health routine.